Hitop (100mg) 30 Tablets

Topiramate 100mg Tablet's primary mechanism of action involves its ability to affect the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain. It is believed to enhance the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) by binding to specific GABA-A receptor subtypes, thereby increasing chloride conductance and promoting neuronal hyperpolarization. This action results in the stabilization of neuronal membranes and the suppression of excessive neuronal firing. Additionally, topiramate inhibits the activity of excitatory amino acid receptors, such as the AMPA/kainate subtype of glutamate receptors, which further contributes to its anticonvulsant and migraine-preventive effects. Topiramate also blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels, which are crucial for the generation and propagation of neuronal impulses, thereby reducing neuronal excitability. These combined actions lead to the modulation of neuronal activity and contribute to the therapeutic effects observed in various conditions, such as epilepsy and migraine prevention.

Anticonvulsant

Tablet

The following are the uses of Topiramate 100mg Tablet:

• Used for treating epilepsy and reducing the frequency of seizures.
• Used for preventing migraine headaches and reducing their severity.
• Used for managing weight in obesity, aiding in weight loss.
• Used for treating binge eating disorder to control compulsive eating.
• Used for managing essential tremors, a type of involuntary shaking.
• Used for stabilizing mood in bipolar disorder.
• Used for reducing impulsive behavior and improving impulse control.
• Used for managing certain types of chronic pain, particularly neuropathic pain.

Tailoring Treatment for Optimal Health, Prescribed Medication Dosage is:

• For the treatment of epilepsy- Adjunctive therapy in adults and children aged 2 years and older- Initial dose- Topiramate 100 mg/day in divided doses, Increase dose gradually monthly to achieve maximal therapeutic effect; usual range- 100–200 mg/day in divided doses
• For the treatment of migraines in adults-
• Initially, 25–50 mg/day in divided doses, increase by 25–50 mg every 1–2 weeks up to a usual dose of 100–200 mg/day in divided doses
• For weight loss-
• Initially, Topiramate 25 mg/day in the evening for 1 week, then increase to 50 mg/day in the evening for 1 week, then increase to 100 mg/day in the evening for 1 week, and then increase to 150 mg/day in the evening. Further adjustments should be made in increments of no more than 50 mg/day every week. The maximum recommended dose is 400 mg/day.
• May increase the dose by 100 mg/day every 1–2 weeks up to a maximum of 400 mg/day in divided doses
• Management of bipolar disorder-
• Acute manic or mixed episodes- The starting dose is typically 100 mg/day, which may be increased to a recommended target dose of 400 mg/day, given in divided doses
• May titrate down in 50 mg increments every 2 weeks, if tolerated, to achieve the minimum dose required to maintain mood stabilization

In the case of an overdose of Topiramate 100mg Tablets, individuals may experience a range of symptoms, including but not limited to, drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, and difficulty speaking. Nausea, vomiting, and loss of coordination are also common. It is important to seek medical advice promptly if an overdose is suspected, as prompt treatment can help manage these symptoms and prevent potential complications. Medical professionals should be informed about the specific details of the overdose to ensure appropriate care and monitoring.

In the case of a missed dose of Topiramate 100mg Tablet, it is important to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. It is recommended to maintain a consistent medication routine, but if you frequently miss doses, inform your healthcare provider, who can advise on the best course of action.

To take Topiramate 100mg Tablets, swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water, preferably in the morning or as directed by your healthcare provider, without crushing or chewing it, and continue taking it regularly at the same time each day for the prescribed duration.

Following are the conditions when Topiramate 100mg Tablet should not be used:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy to topiramate or any of the excipients in the tablet.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis) or a condition called hyperparathyroidism.
• Not recommended for individuals with metabolic acidosis, a condition where there is an excessive level of acid in the blood.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of liver disease or impaired liver function.
• Contraindicated in patients with a rare eye condition called acute angle-closure glaucoma.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of depression, mood disorders, or suicidal thoughts or behavior.
• Should not be given to patients with a history of metabolic disorders such as hypokalemia (low potassium levels) or hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels).
• Contraindicated in patients who are taking or have recently taken (within the last 14 days) monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), a type of antidepressant medication.

The side effects of Topiramate 100mg Tablet may include:

• Fatigue and drowsiness
• Dizziness and balance problems
• Paresthesia (tingling or numbness) in the hands and feet
• Cognitive impairment, such as difficulty concentrating or memory problems
• Weight loss or loss of appetite
• Nausea and gastrointestinal disturbances
• Kidney stones
• Mood changes, including depression or anxiety

Following are the precautions and warnings for Topiramate 100mg Tablet:

• Not recommended for patients with a history of kidney stones, as it may increase the risk of stone formation.
• Patients with a history of liver disease should undergo liver function tests regularly as Topiramate can affect liver function.
• May cause dizziness or drowsiness, so caution is advised when performing tasks requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery.
• Should be used with caution in patients with a history of depression or mood disorders, as it may cause or worsen symptoms.
• Not suitable for individuals with a known allergy to Topiramate or any of its components.
• Should not be discontinued abruptly; dosage reduction should be gradual to minimize the risk of withdrawal symptoms.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before taking Topiramate, as it may have potential risks to the fetus or infant.

Following are the drug interactions for Topiramate 100mg Tablet:

• Topiramate can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, including birth control pills, patches, and implants, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy.
• Alcohol consumption can enhance the sedative effects of Topiramate, potentially affecting alertness and coordination.
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like acetazolamide may increase the risk of kidney stones when used with Topiramate.
• Drugs that lower the seizure threshold, such as certain antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs) and antipsychotics, may increase the risk of seizures when taken with Topiramate.
• Topiramate can affect the absorption of other medications, including Phenytoin and Lamotrigine, potentially requiring dose adjustments.
• The effectiveness of Topiramate may be reduced by certain antacids containing aluminum, magnesium, or calcium.
• Topiramate may increase the blood levels of lithium, leading to increased side effects and toxicity.

Following are the food interactions to consider with Topiramate 100mg Tablet:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it can enhance the sedative effects of Topiramate, leading to increased dizziness and drowsiness.
• Carbonated beverages or drinks with high sugar content may be restricted to prevent potential weight loss associated with Topiramate.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of Topiramate, possibly altering its effectiveness.
• A ketogenic diet, high in fats and low in carbohydrates, may be recommended by healthcare professionals for specific conditions, but it should be followed under medical supervision.
• Avoid sudden changes in diet, especially during the initial phase of Topiramate treatment, as it may impact the drug's effectiveness and side effects.
• Maintain a consistent and balanced diet to support overall health while taking Topiramate.
• Consult a healthcare provider or dietician for personalized dietary advice, especially if you have specific dietary restrictions or health conditions.

Topiramate 100mg Tablets should be stored in a cool, dry place, preferably at room temperature, ensuring it remains protected from light and moisture. The original container should be tightly sealed to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. Avoid exposing the tablets to extreme temperatures, such as those found near ovens or inside cars during hot weather, as this can impact their effectiveness. Always check the expiration date, and never use medication beyond this date. When disposing of unused or expired tablets, do not flush them or throw them into the trash; instead, follow local guidelines for pharmaceutical waste disposal, or consult a pharmacist for guidance on safe disposal practices. Keep the medication securely stored away from children and pets to prevent accidental consumption.

Following are the quick tips for Topiramate 100mg Tablet:

• Take the tablet as directed by your doctor; do not change the dosage without medical advice.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water; do not crush, chew, or break it.
• Take the tablet consistently at the same time each day to maintain steady blood levels.
• You can take it with or without food, but be consistent with your choice.
• If you experience a bitter taste, try taking the tablet with a small amount of water and then drinking more water to help swallow it.
• Do not stop taking the medication suddenly; consult your doctor for a proper tapering plan.
• Store the tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and light.

Topiramate is a prescription medication that is commonly used to treat seizures and migraines. When you begin this treatment, it is important to have open and honest conversations with your doctor about your medical history and all of the medications you currently take. This conversation could help your doctor determine if Topiramate is right for you and avoid any potential complications. Depending on your history and health, your doctor may request some lab tests to determine the best dosing strategy and to ensure your safety throughout treatment. These lab tests may include: