Humulin (100IU/ml) 3ml, 5 Cartridges

Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells. It binds to specific insulin receptors on the surface of target cells, such as those in the liver, muscle, and fat tissues. This binding activates intracellular signaling pathways, primarily involving the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins. The activation of these pathways leads to the translocation of glucose transporter proteins, such as GLUT4, to the cell membrane. These transporters increase the cell's ability to absorb glucose from the bloodstream. Additionally, insulin promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver and muscle cells, a process known as glycogenesis, and inhibits the production of new glucose by the liver (gluconeogenesis). Overall, insulin helps lower blood glucose levels by enhancing glucose uptake, storage, and reducing glucose production.

Insulin

These insulin cartridges are used for:

• Insulin Therapy
• Diabetes Management

Human insulin isophane can lead to symptoms of hypoglycemia, which may include listlessness, confusion, palpitations, headache, sweating, and vomiting, as well as hypokalemia. To manage mild hypoglycemia, oral glucose or sugar products are effective. For moderately severe hypoglycemic episodes, intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SC) glucagon should be administered, followed by oral carbohydrates once the patient recovers. If glucagon is ineffective, an intravenous (IV) glucose solution should be given. In cases where the patient is comatose, IM or SC glucagon is recommended; if glucagon is unavailable or ineffective, an IV glucose solution must be administered. Post-recovery, sustained carbohydrate intake and careful observation may be required, and hypokalemia should be treated as necessary.

For missed dose, use as directed as soon as possible. Do not double doses.

Administer insulin as prescribed using the cartridges. Rotate injection sites to avoid complications.

Isophane human insuline not be used in the following situations:

• Allergy to insulin or ingredients

Unraveling the side effects lurking behind this product are the following:

• Low blood sugar
• Swelling in your hands or feet
• Weight gain
• Thickening of the skin at the injection site

When using insulin therapy, several precautions and warnings must be observed:

• It is critical never to share insulin pens between patients, even if the needle is changed, to prevent contamination and transmission of infections.
• Intermediate-acting insulin should not be used in situations that require rapid-acting insulin.
• Caution should be exercised when insulin requirements may decrease due to conditions like diarrhea, nausea, malabsorption, hypothyroidism, renal impairment, or hepatic impairment.
• Conversely, conditions such as fever, hyperthyroidism, trauma, infection, and surgery can increase insulin requirements.
• Thiazolidinediones, when used with insulin, can cause fluid retention, potentially exacerbating heart failure, necessitating careful monitoring for signs of heart failure.
• Patients should be closely monitored for hypoglycemia, which can be life-threatening, especially when changes are made to insulin dosages, co-administered glucose-lowering medications, meal patterns, or physical activity levels.
• Severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, may occur, requiring immediate discontinuation of therapy.
• It is essential to monitor potassium levels in patients at risk for hypokalemia, as this condition can be life-threatening.
• In pregnancy, the use of human insulin has not been associated with major birth defects, but poorly controlled diabetes can pose significant risks to both mother and fetus.
• While exogenous human insulin may transfer into breast milk, no adverse effects have been reported in breastfed infants, emphasizing the need to balance maternal health needs with breastfeeding considerations.

Drug interactions with Isophane Insulin Human and Soluble Insulin Human include:

• Oral hypoglycemics (e.g., metformin) (additive effects on blood glucose lowering)
• Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol) (may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia)
• Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) (may increase blood glucose levels)
• Diuretics (e.g., thiazides) (may increase blood glucose levels)
• Alcohol (can cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia depending on the context)
• Other insulin or insulin analogs (risk of hypoglycemia if not adjusted properly)
• ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril) (may enhance hypoglycemic effect)

Humulin should be stored properly to maintain its effectiveness. Store the product at a temperature between 2°C and 8°C in a cool place, away from direct heat, light, and moisture. Once in use, it can be kept at room temperature (up to 25°C) for up to 28 days. Ensure the cartridges are tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination. For safety purposes, keep Humulin out of reach of children and pets to avoid accidental ingestion. It is advisable to avoid storing the product in humid or warm areas, such as bathrooms or kitchens. If you have any questions or concerns about proper storage, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further guidance to ensure the product’s quality and safety.