Metomide (10mg) 10 Ampoule Injections

Metoclopramide, a medication often administered via injection, primarily acts as a dopamine antagonist, specifically targeting dopamine D2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and the upper gastrointestinal tract. By blocking these receptors, metoclopramide effectively reduces nausea and vomiting. It also exhibits prokinetic properties by binding to serotonin (5-HT4) receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, stimulating gastrointestinal motility and promoting gastric emptying. This dual mechanism of action makes metoclopramide a valuable therapeutic agent in managing various gastrointestinal disorders and conditions associated with nausea and vomiting.

Antiemetic, prokinetic.

Injection

The following are the uses of Metoclopramide Injection:

• Used for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by speeding up stomach emptying.
• Used for relieving symptoms of a slow digestive system, such as nausea and vomiting.
• Used to help with the movement of food and medicines through the stomach in people with delayed gastric emptying.
• Used as a short-term treatment for severe symptoms of diabetes, such as nausea and vomiting.
• Used to help with diagnostic procedures by emptying the stomach quickly.
• Used to improve feeding tolerance in infants with feeding difficulties.
• Used to prevent persistent heartburn and stomach acid regurgitation.

In the case of an overdose of Metoclopramide Injection, the primary concern is the development of severe extrapyramidal reactions, including acute dystonic reactions, parkinsonism, and akathisia. These reactions can manifest as involuntary movements, muscle stiffness, and restlessness. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage these symptoms, which may require the administration of antiparkinsonian medications to alleviate the patient's discomfort and prevent potential long-term complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Metoclopramide Injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to proceed, as they may recommend adjusting your dosing schedule or provide specific instructions for catching up on missed doses safely.

To administer Metoclopramide Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and slowly inject the prescribed dose, ensuring the medication is delivered into the muscle or vein as directed by your healthcare provider.

Here is the list of situations or conditions when Metoclopramide Injection should not be used:

• Should not be administered to individuals with a known allergy to Metoclopramide or any of its ingredients.
• Contraindicated in patients with suspected or confirmed gastrointestinal hemorrhage, mechanical obstruction, or perforation.
• Not recommended for patients with epilepsy or seizure disorders, as it may lower the seizure threshold.
• Should be avoided in individuals with a history of pheochromocytoma.
• Contraindicated in patients with suspected or diagnosed prolactin-dependent tumors, as it can increase prolactin levels.
• Not suitable for patients with severe kidney or liver impairment.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, including previous heart attacks, stroke, or severe hypertension.
• Contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, due to potential harm to the fetus.
• Should not be used in breastfeeding mothers, as Metoclopramide can pass into breast milk.
• Not recommended for children below 1 year of age due to potential serious side effects.

The side effects of Metoclopramide Injection may include:

• Drowsiness or fatigue
• Restlessness or agitation
• Akathisia (a feeling of inner restlessness)
• Diarrhea
• Muscle spasms or involuntary movements
• Dystonia (abnormal muscle contractions)
• Extrapyramidal symptoms (movement disorders)
• Skin reactions such as rashes or itching

Following are the precautions and warnings for Metoclopramide Injection:

• Do not use Metoclopramide Injection if you have a known allergy or hypersensitivity to metoclopramide or any other components of the injection.
• This medication should be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or epilepsy, as it may lower the seizure threshold.
• Metoclopramide Injection can cause tardive dyskinesia, a serious movement disorder. If you notice any unusual movements, especially in the face, tongue, or extremities, inform your doctor immediately.
• Elderly patients may be more susceptible to the side effects of this medication, particularly extrapyramidal reactions. Close monitoring is required.
• Patients with a history of depression or suicidal thoughts should be closely monitored while on this medication, as it may exacerbate these conditions.
• Metoclopramide can interact with other medications, including antipsychotics and antidepressants. Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking.
• It should be used with caution in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, mechanical obstruction, or perforation, as it may mask these conditions.
• If you experience any cardiovascular symptoms such as chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.

Following are the drug interactions for Metoclopramide Injection:

• Concomitant use with dopamine antagonists (e.g., prochlorperazine) may decrease the therapeutic effects of Metoclopramide.
• Its interaction with central nervous system depressants (e.g., opioids, benzodiazepines) can lead to enhanced sedation and respiratory depression.
• Metoclopramide may increase the effects of anticoagulants like warfarin, requiring close monitoring of INR (International Normalized Ratio).
• Drugs that prolong QT interval (e.g., certain antiarrhythmics, antibiotics) should be used cautiously due to the potential for additive QT prolongation.
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may interact with Metoclopramide, leading to an increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
• It can affect the absorption of certain medications, particularly those with a narrow therapeutic index, such as digoxin.
• Caution is advised when combining Metoclopramide with tricyclic antidepressants, as it may increase the risk of extrapyramidal side effects.

Following are the food interactions for Metoclopramide Injection:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it may enhance the sedative effects of Metoclopramide, increasing the risk of dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired coordination.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may inhibit the metabolism of Metoclopramide, leading to increased drug levels in the body and potentially causing more side effects.
• High-fat meals may delay the absorption of Metoclopramide, possibly affecting its rapid onset of action. Consider taking the medication on an empty stomach or as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Caffeine intake should be monitored as Metoclopramide may increase its levels in the body, potentially causing restlessness, anxiety, and sleep disturbances.
• Avoid excessive consumption of foods containing tyramine (aged cheeses, cured meats, fermented foods) as Metoclopramide may affect tyramine metabolism, leading to increased blood pressure.
• Metoclopramide may lower the seizure threshold, so consuming foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil, flaxseeds) might be beneficial to counter this effect.
• Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially if experiencing diarrhea as a side effect of the medication.
• Always follow the dosage and administration instructions provided by your healthcare professional for the best therapeutic outcome.

Store Metoclopramide Injection at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Ensure the medication is tightly sealed in its original packaging to maintain its integrity. Avoid storing it in bathrooms or areas exposed to heat, as temperature fluctuations can impact its effectiveness. Properly dispose of any unused or expired injections; do not flush or pour them down the drain. Consult your pharmacist or healthcare professional for appropriate disposal guidelines. Keep the medication securely stored and out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion. Regularly check the expiration date, and replace any expired medication accordingly.

Following are the quick tips for Metoclopramide Injection:

• Administer the injection as directed by your doctor or healthcare professional.
• Ensure the injection is given intramuscularly or intravenously as prescribed.
• Do not inject into areas with skin changes or inflammation.
• Rotate injection sites to minimize discomfort and tissue irritation.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in a sharps container.
• Store the injection as directed on the packaging, away from direct sunlight.
• Inform your doctor if you experience any side effects or unusual symptoms.