Topagen (25mg) 60 Tablets

Topiramate, the active ingredient in the 25mg tablet, primarily exerts its therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms of action. It acts as an antagonist at certain subtypes of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) and kainate glutamate receptors, reducing excitatory neurotransmission. Additionally, topiramate enhances the activity of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by facilitating the action of GABAA receptors, which helps to decrease neuronal excitability. Topiramate also inhibits carbonic anhydrase, particularly subtypes II and IV, which may contribute to its anticonvulsant and other therapeutic effects. This multifaceted mechanism of action is thought to underlie topiramate's effectiveness in various therapeutic applications, particularly in the management of epilepsy and migraine prevention.

Anticonvulsant

Tablet

The following are the uses of Topiramate 25mg Tablet:

• Used for preventing seizures in patients with epilepsy.
• Used to treat migraine headaches, reducing their frequency.
• Used for managing weight in obese patients as an adjunct.
• Used to alleviate symptoms of binge eating disorders.
• Used for stabilizing mood in bipolar disorder patients.
• Used to decrease alcohol dependence and cravings.
• Used to treat certain types of nerve pain.
• Used as an adjunct therapy for essential tremors.

Follow these dosage instructions:

• Adult Dosage

400 mg orally daily in 2 divided doses.

• Child Dosage

25 mg orally once a day in the evening; If tolerated, increase to 25 mg orally twice a day

In the case of an overdose of Topiramate 25mg Tablets, it is important to recognize the potential severity of this situation. Symptoms may include an increase in the frequency or severity of known side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, or confusion. If an overdose is suspected, seek medical advice immediately. Prompt medical intervention is essential, as healthcare professionals can provide the necessary treatment and support to manage any adverse effects and ensure the patient's well-being.

In the case of a missed dose of Topiramate 25mg Tablet, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for advice, as they may recommend adjusting your dosage or provide specific instructions for catching up on missed doses safely. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any concerns or questions regarding missed doses.

To take Topiramate 25mg Tablets, swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water, preferably at the same time each day, following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions/situations when Topiramate 25mg Tablet should not be taken:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to topiramate or any of the tablet's components.
• Contraindicated in patients with metabolic acidosis, a condition where there is an excessive amount of acid in the body fluids.
• Not recommended for individuals with kidney disease or those with significantly impaired kidney function.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis).
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of liver disease or those with severely impaired liver function.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of eye diseases, especially narrow-angle glaucoma.
• Should be avoided during pregnancy or if planning to become pregnant, as it may cause birth defects.
• Should not be used by breastfeeding mothers, as it can pass into breast milk and may harm the baby.
• Not recommended for children under the age of 2 years due to the potential risk of kidney stones.

The side effects of Topiramate 25mg Tablet may include:

• Fatigue and drowsiness
• Dizziness and balance problems
• Paresthesia (tingling or numbness) in the hands, arms, legs, or feet
• Cognitive impairment, such as difficulty concentrating or memory problems
• Gastrointestinal issues like loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea
• Speech and language problems, including difficulty finding words
• Mood changes, including depression or anxiety
• Kidney stones

Following are the precautions and warnings for Topiramate 25mg Tablet:

• Not recommended for patients with a history of hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to topiramate or any of its ingredients.
• Patients with kidney or liver problems should use with caution, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• May cause dizziness or drowsiness, so patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
• Can increase the risk of kidney stones, so adequate fluid intake is important during treatment.
• Topiramate may cause vision changes; patients should report any eye problems to their doctor immediately.
• Not recommended for use during pregnancy unless clearly necessary, as it may cause harm to the fetus.
• Breastfeeding women should exercise caution, as topiramate can pass into breast milk and potentially affect the nursing infant.
• Patients with a history of metabolic acidosis should be monitored closely, as topiramate may exacerbate this condition.

Following are the drug interactions for Topiramate 25mg Tablet:

• Topiramate can decrease the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy. Consider alternative contraception.
• Alcohol consumption with Topiramate may result in increased drowsiness and impaired motor skills. Avoid or limit alcohol intake.
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like Acetazolamide can increase the risk of kidney stones when used with Topiramate.
• Drugs that lower the seizure threshold, such as antidepressants (SSRIs) or antipsychotics, may require dosage adjustments when used with Topiramate.
• Topiramate may decrease the concentration of phenytoin, a commonly used anticonvulsant, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
• When combined with other central nervous system depressants, such as benzodiazepines, Topiramate may enhance sedation and respiratory depression.
• It may reduce the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs like Carbamazepine, requiring careful monitoring and dosage adjustments.

Following are the food interactions for Topiramate 25mg Tablet:

• Topiramate can decrease appetite, leading to reduced food intake and potential weight loss.
• Alcohol should be avoided or limited as it can increase the sedative effects of Topiramate, leading to increased dizziness and drowsiness.
• Carbonated beverages may reduce the absorption of Topiramate, so it is recommended to separate the medication from these drinks by at least 1 hour.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they can affect the metabolism of Topiramate, potentially altering its effectiveness.
• High-fat meals may increase the absorption of Topiramate, so it is advisable to maintain a consistent diet to ensure stable medication levels.
• Dairy products like milk or yogurt can bind to Topiramate, reducing its absorption. Take the medication with water to ensure optimal absorption.
• Vitamin C supplements may increase the acidity of urine, which can affect the excretion of Topiramate. Consult your healthcare provider for guidance.
• No significant interactions with specific foods have been reported, but maintaining a balanced diet is essential for overall health while taking this medication.

Topiramate 25mg Tablets should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably in a medicine cabinet, away from direct sunlight, moisture, and heat sources. Keep the tablets in their original container, tightly sealed, to maintain their integrity and prevent exposure to air and humidity. Regularly check the expiration date on the packaging, and dispose of any tablets that have passed their expiry date. When disposing of unused or expired medication, do not flush or pour them down the drain; instead, follow local guidelines or consult your pharmacist for safe disposal methods. It is crucial to keep all medications out of the sight and reach of children to prevent accidental consumption. Proper storage and disposal practices help maintain the effectiveness of the medication and ensure the safety of your household.

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Following are the quick tips for Topiramate 25mg Tablet:

• Start with a low dose and gradually increase as prescribed by your doctor.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water, do not crush or chew.
• Take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
• Avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication.
• Inform your doctor about all medications/supplements you are using.
• Do not stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor.
• Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
• Consult your doctor if you experience any vision changes or dizziness.